There are many types of sewing line equipment. Currently, there are more than 1,500 varieties of sewing machines produced in China, and more than 800 commonly used.

The overall development of sewing equipment is in the direction of electronics, automation, integration, and robotics. However, for apparel companies to choose equipment, it is to evaluate whether a single device has reached the goals of power saving, fast speed, line saving, and whether the equipment design enables employees. Simple and accurate operation. If you want to choose the right equipment, you also need to have a general understanding of the equipment mechanism and working principle.

1. The main mechanism and working principle of sewing machine:

A sewing machine is a machine that stitches sewing material with a suture.

(1) Machine appearance

  The shape of the sewing machine varies depending on the type of sewing machine. The design of the internal mechanical and electrical parts required by different stitches is also different, which makes the equipment appearance, specifications and working position of the operator different, which is reflected in the different equipment may occupy different areas, directions, etc. Therefore, pay attention to the appearance of equipment and the direction of personnel work when arranging the assembly line.

(2) Body type

In order to cope with the sewing of different parts of the garment, the types of the sewing machine supporting the sewing material are different, which are divided into flat type, platform type, suspension type, box type, column type and elbow type. The body type is designed to make the sewing operation more reasonable and fast. Ordinary lockstitch sewing machines are flat type, and the upper sleeve sewing machines are generally cantilever type. Taking overlock sewing machines as an example, there are ordinary overhang sewing machines and small overhang sewing machines specially designed for small cylindrical clothes such as T-shirt cuffs and children's clothing cuffs.

(3) Lubrication system

 As with other types of equipment, in order to reduce the friction between various mechanisms, lubricants are needed between the mechanisms of the sewing machine. The higher the speed, the higher the requirements for the lubrication system.

 The increase of the sewing machine speed has promoted the improvement of efficiency, but the leakage and splashing of the oil supplied by the lubrication system has also become one of the sources of pollution in clothing production. At present, sewing machines are automatically supplied with oil. Some brands have developed sealing mechanisms to prevent oil leakage, automatic micro-supply sewing machines, and even brands have developed oil-free technology sewing machines, but this is a medium-speed machine, completely oil-free and suitable for high-end The production of women's clothing is expensive.

(4) Loop formation system

 The loop forming system is the core of the sewing equipment and the key to the stitch formation of the sewing equipment. Contains the following sections:

 A. Thread control system: Including the thread take-up device, control the position and movement of the thread, the sewing machine may often break because the sewing thread does not pass through the wire eye above the needle. The thread tension regulator adjusts the speed and tension of the sewing thread. The pressure on the regulator affects the balance and tightness of the subsequent stitches. The purpose of the thread take-up lever is to provide enough threads for loop formation and remove excess threads.

 B. Needle: The function of the needle is to carry the thread through the stitched fabric to form a stitch. There are straight needles and curved needles. Taking plain stitching as an example, different fabrics should use straight needles with different thicknesses and needle shapes.

 C. Bottom looping system: The bottom looping system is under the sewing table, and it is divided into lower and upper bodies. There are mainly hooks, thread loopers, thread loopers and rotary crochet hooks. . The study of the loop formation system is the basis for equipment selection, repair, and maintenance.

(5) Feeding system

 The sewing machine conveys sewing material through a feeding system. According to different feeding methods, it is divided into lower feeding, upper feeding, needle feeding, needle and lower compound feeding, upper and lower compound feeding, differential feeding, and so on. Specifically includes the following components:

A. Presser foot: Firstly, the presser foot is a feeding device that moves the fabric forward by interacting with the feed teeth. The adjustment of the presser foot pressure is very important. The pressure is determined according to the sewing speed, the type and thickness of the material being stitched. Generally, the higher the sewing speed, the greater the pressure. The pressure can be adjusted by the tightness of the pressure regulating bolt.

B. Needle plate: The needle plate is between the presser foot and the feed dog. The needle plate eye guides the stitches to form stitches. The pressure is adjusted by the height of the feed dog above the needle plate.

C. Feed dog: The feed dog and the presser foot work together to complete the feed.

Taking the standard new model GC6760-X continuous feed lockstitch sewing machine as an example, it is a lockstitch machine specially developed for sewing thin or ultra-thin materials based on the popular see-through clothing in recent years.

X-FEED is the company's new technology in feeding. This technology has effectively improved and changed the feeding method of the sewing machine. From the previous half-cycle feeding to the full-cycle feeding, the continuous feeding mechanism can ensure the needle on, In the lower position, the feed dogs are alternately located above the needle plate, and the stitch tension is 35% lower than that of the previous lockstitch products. When using smooth thin material, it can effectively prevent the material from being staggered and make the sewing operation smoother and more efficient.

2. Sewing machine classification and main technical indicators:

When it comes to the classification of sewing machines, the first thing that comes to mind is the sewing machines that produce different types of stitches, such as lockstitch machines and overlock machines. According to the requirements of the stitches, different sewing equipment is selected.

The classification and technical indicators of sewing equipment can be judged from the aspects of sewing method, number of stitches, number of threads, form and type of hook, thickness of sewing product, feeding method, whether there are additional functional devices and speed capability, etc. The proportion of automatic sewing units used in production has also been greatly increased.

Different types of stitches can be distinguished from the types of stitches formed by sewing equipment. For example, the 100 and 300 stitches are commonly called lockstitch machines. The 100 type is a chain stitch lockstitch machine, which is mainly used for knitted garments and All types of bags are sealed and processed. The 300 type is a shuttle stitch lockstitch sewing machine, which is the most commonly used woven garment processing equipment. The 200 type is commonly known as the "bead edge machine", that is, the garment tribute process equipment. The 400 and 600 types are both It is an interlock sewing machine. 400 types of interlock stitches are used for various types of knitted garment processing, while 600 types have added a lot of decorative threads to make the appearance of the garment more beautiful. 500 types are called hemming machines, which are mainly used for hemming process. Sometimes in order to simplify the classification, the processing of 200, 400, 500, 600 stitches are collectively referred to as special machines.